1.什么是美国工卡EAD?
美国工卡EAD,全称Employment Authorization Document，缩写 (EAD),我们看看美国移民局是如何对EAD工卡做出定义的:
Employment Authorization
U.S. employers must check to make sure all employees, regardless of citizenship or national origin, are allowed to work in the United States. If you are not a citizen or a permanent resident, you may need to apply for an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) to prove you may work in the United States.
雇佣授权(即工卡):
美国雇主必须核对确定所有雇员不论国籍或者原始国籍，是被允许在美国工作的(强调身份的合法性)。如果您并非美国公民和永居权利者(绿卡持有人)，您将可能需要申请美国EAD工卡来证明您可以在美国工作就业。(所以上述文字说得很清楚，非法移民的就业权利是不受保护的，只有那些提交了诸如美国EB2/EB3移民申请人以及其他合法身份人才可以申请，当然还有例外情形，这里不做讨论)
2.什么人有资格申请EAD就业工卡?
我们看看美国移民局是如何规定的:Certain foreign nationals, who are eligible to work in the United States, use Form I-765 to request an employment authorization document (EAD).某些有资格在美国工作的外国人，使用I-765申请表来申请“就业授权文件EAD”。(什么叫有资格在美国工作，官方的说法是有合法的工作类签证在美国工作，诸如，L-1/L-2,国际雇员，学生签证的OPT阶段等，才会被视为有资格在美国工作的人，所以“黑工”问题我就不介绍了)
3.那些情况下才可以申请美国就业工卡EAD ? 为什么要申请就业工卡EAD ?
· Category 1: You may have authorization to work in the United States as a result of your nonimmigrant status。因为你的非移民身份可以在美国工作(注，虽然是非移民身份，但是以合法为前提，不过有少数人道主义例外)
· Category 2: You may have authorization to work for a specific employer as a result of your nonimmigrant status。因为你的非移民身份你为特殊雇主工作(比如EB4特殊移民类别的申请人)
· Category 3: You may be in a category which requires you to file for permission to work。您所在的类别要求你填写工卡的申请。(比如美国EB3移民申请人和配偶可以在移民身份期间申请EAD，这也是申请人可以提前赴美找工作就业的依据)
4.美国移民局USCIS在哪些情况下可以授予批准美国就业工卡:就三种情况(新办，过期更新，更换挂失，你想下国内怎么办身份证就行!)
USCIS issues Employment Authorization Documents (EAD) in the following categories:
&新申请 ·EAD: This document proves you are allowed to work in the United States，As proof that you are allowed to work in the United States for a specific time period or while you have a specific immigration status
&过期更新· Renewal EAD: You cannot file for a renewal EAD more than 120 days before your original EAD expires.
注:不能早于您的EAD工卡失效前的120天提交更新申请。
&更换挂失· Replacement EAD: This document replaces a lost, stolen, or mutilated EAD. A replacement EAD also replaces an EAD that was issued with incorrect information, such as a misspelled name.
Question 17 of Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, asked for your eligibility category. Because there are many different ways in which a person may apply for and be granted permission to work, it is important that you write the correct eligibility category on your application. Below is an employment authorization codes chart for the eligibility categories.
I-765表中的第17个问题是:您申请美国工卡所依据的类别。因为一个人有许多不同的方式来申请被授予工作许可，在你申请中所填写的正确的资格是非常重要的，下文中的代码代表申请工卡的资格类别:
5.美国就业工卡EAD和美国EB1/EB2/EB3移民的关系，即什么情况下申请EB1/EB2/EB3移民的申请人可以适用于美国工卡EAD的申请?
Some of those that fall in the first and third categories (including those who have a pending Form I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status) are required to apply for work authorization and an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) with the Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization prior to seeking work in the United States. The EAD is the proof that you will show to your employer that you are allowed to work in the United States. In most cases, EADs are granted for a 1 year period.
一些申请了美国EB1/EB2/EB3移民类别的申请人(当然包括正在等待I-485调整身份批准和永久居民移民注册登机)被要求通过递交I-765申请工作授权文件和EAD就业工卡,申请EAD就业工卡之前可以在美国找工作。EAD就业工卡是展现给您的雇主您是可以合法在美国工作的人的证明文件。EAD工卡有效期是1年(可以更新，也就是说到期前可以再申请)。
6.申请美国工卡EAD需要多少钱?
The filing fee for Form I-765 is $380. If you are requesting consideration of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), you must also pay an $85 biometric services fee for a total of $465.
申请EAD递交I-765申请需要向移民局支付380美金申请费，如果你需要递交童年时期抵达者暂缓驱逐的申请需要再额外支付85美金指纹采集服务费，所以85美金的指纹采集服务费不是必须的收费。
7.如何申请美国EAD工卡?
首先，您需要有一个合法的非移民身份，比如您正在申请美国移民，已经获得批准，还未拿到移民签证，或者您的是L-1/H-1B签证获批了，或者您能是依据美国EB3移民法案，可以在申请永居身份期间申请EAD的申请人,这样您就是有资格在美国工作的人.
其次，您目前身在美国持有上述合法身份的签证。
最后，由美国律师帮您能递交I-485和I-765和I-131回美证件的申请，即您有条件可以赴美申请调整身份并提交工卡申请和提交回美旅行文件。
8，申请美国EAD一般多久批准通过?
3个月左右
